IR drop refers to a voltage drop that appears at the resistive component of any impedance. IR drop is the electrical potential difference between the two ends of a conducting phase during a current flow. This voltage drop across any resistance is the product of current (I) passing through resistance and resistance value (R).
IR drop has a great influence on electrochemical measurements, and their effects should be considered during the interpretation of electrochemical data.
IR drop is also known as ohmic potential drop in electrochemistry.
IR Drop 이란?
IR drop은 모든 임피던스 저항 성분에서 나타나는 "전압 강하"이다.
IR drop은 전류가 흐르는 동안의 Conducting Phase(전도 상)의 두 지점의 잠재적 전위차 이다. 모든 저항에 걸친 이 "전압 강하"는 저항을 통과하는 전류(I)와 저항(R)의 곱이다. (I x R)
IR drop은 전기 화학적으로 측정에 큰 영향을 미치므로, 데이터를 해석할 때 영향력을 고려해야 한다.
IR drop은 또한 전기 화학분야에서 "(Ohmic potential drop) 옴 포텐셜 드롭"으로도 불린다.
Corrosionpedia Explains IR Drop
IR drop is a potential drop due to solution resistance. It is the difference in potential required to move ions through the solution. IR drop results from the electric current flow in ionic electrolytes like dilute acids, saltwater, etc.
IR drop (ohmic drop) is an unwanted quality and it must be removed to obtain an accurate potential measurement.
IR drop has produced some unwanted results in measurements. For example, in cyclic voltammetry, IR drop primarily causes a shift in peak potential, a decrease in the magnitude of current, and an increase in peak separation. These effects will become more prominent as the scan rate is enhanced following the increase of current.
IR drop depends on the following factors:
The current and potential distribution in the electrolyte (changing the size or shape of the working electrode will change the shape of the equipotential lines.)
The position of the reference electrode with respect to the working electrode.
The conductivity of the electrolyte solution (the lower the conductivity of the electrolyte, the higher the IR drop.)
The following measures will be needed to minimize the IR drop:
Using a three-electrode system.
Adding a high concentration of fully dissociated electrolytes to the solution.
Placing the reference electrode tip within close proximity of the working electrode surface.
Using low scan rates that will minimize the current.
Decreasing the electrode surface area.
IR Drop에 대한 설명
IR drop은 저항에 의한 잠재적 강하이다.
이 전위 차이는 이온(ion)을 움직이기 위한 잠재적인 힘 이다. IR Drop은 묽은 산(dilute acid), 염수(saltwater)등과 같은 이온 전해질(ionic electrolytes) 내의 전류의 흐름으로부터 발생한다.
IR drop (ohmic drop)은 원치않는 품질을 만들며, 정확한 전위 측정을 얻기 위해 반드시 해당 성분은 제거해야 한다.
IR drop은 측정에서 가끔 원치않는 결과를 만들어 내는데, 예를 들어 순환 전압전류법(cyclic voltammetry)에서 IR Drop은 주로 피크 전위 이동(shift in peak potential), 전류크기 감소, 피크 분리(peak separation) 증가를 일으 킨다.
이는 전류가 증가함에 따라 점점 두드러 진다.
IR Drop은 아래와 같은 요소에 영향을 받는데:
The current and potential distribution in the electrolyte (changing the size or shape of the working electrode will change the shape of the equipotential lines.)
전해질 내 전류 및 전위 분포 (전극의 모양이나 크기에 따라 equipotential line가 바뀜
The position of the reference electrode with respect to the working electrode.